A chuck is a mechanical device on a machine tool that is used to clamp the workpiece. Machine tool attachment that clamps and positions the workpiece by the radial movement of the movable jaws evenly distributed on the chuck body. The chuck is generally composed of three parts: the chuck body, the movable jaw and the jaw drive mechanism. The chuck body has a minimum diameter of 65 mm and a maximum of 1500 mm, with a central through hole for passing through the workpiece or bar stock; The back has a cylindrical or short tapered structure that is connected directly or via a flange to the machine spindle end. Chucks are typically installed on lathes, cylindrical and internal cylindrical grinders, and can also be combined with various indexing devices for milling and drilling machines.
Classification:
From the number of chucks and jaws, it can be divided into: two-jaw chuck, three-jaw chuck, four-jaw chuck, six-jaw chuck and special chuck. From the use of power, it can be divided into: manual chuck, pneumatic chuck, hydraulic chuck, electric chuck and mechanical chuck. From the structure, it can be divided into: hollow chuck and CIIC chuck.
Model:
Chuck The manual self-centering chuck for machine tools is divided into short cylindrical and short conical chuck according to its connection with the end of the machine tool spindle.
Short cylinder
It is generally connected by a transition disk; The short cone chuck can be directly connected with the end of the machine tool spindle, and the short cone chuck connection is divided into A1, A2, C, D four connection forms. A2 type is better than A1 because it is threaded with the outer ring of the spindle end part of the machine tool, but due to the limitation of the internal structure of the chuck, except for a small part, most of the A1 type can only be selected with the inner ring screw of the spindle end of the machine tool. The C-type connection with the end of the machine tool spindle is fastened by pin bolts, which belongs to a kind of quick-change chuck and can be quickly loaded and unloaded. The D type adopts tie rod with the end edge of the machine tool spindle, which is pinned by the cam at the end of the spindle, which belongs to another type of quick-change chuck. The cone hole of the short cone chuck is designed on the gland of the chuck, and the inner and outer screws are assembled with the chuck body to form a closed structure, so the centering accuracy is high and the rigidity is good. Short overhang. [2]
Short taper
The end of the spindle of foreign machine tools has been widely used short tapers, so the short taper chuck is an indispensable functional component for machine tools, and according to international standards, short taper chuck has begun to be popularized. Although the price difference between the short taper chuck and the short cylindrical chuck is about 25%, the actual price difference is less than 10% after reducing the cost of the transition chuck, and the use value of the short taper chuck is much higher than that of the short cylindrical chuck. The jaw structure of short cylindrical and short taper chuck is divided into two types: integral claw and separation claw; Integral jaw - the basic jaw and the top jaw are integrated jaws, and the base jaw are connected by hex screws in the cylindrical head, which can be adjusted for front or back jaw use.
